Category: machine learning

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Bots Are Better than Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs

Posted on By infossl
academic papers, captchas, machine learning, Security technology, Uncategorized

Interesting research: “An Empirical Study & Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs“: Abstract: For nearly two decades, CAPTCHAS have been widely used as a means of protection against bots. Throughout the years, as their use grew, techniques to defeat or bypass CAPTCHAS have continued to improve. Meanwhile, CAPTCHAS have also evolved in terms of sophistication and diversity, … Read More “Bots Are Better than Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs” »

Using Machine Learning to Detect Keystrokes

Posted on By infossl
machine learning, Security technology, side-channel attacks, smartphones, Uncategorized

Researchers have trained a ML model to detect keystrokes by sound with 95% accuracy. “A Practical Deep Learning-Based Acoustic Side Channel Attack on Keyboards” Abstract: With recent developments in deep learning, the ubiquity of microphones and the rise in online services via personal devices, acoustic side channel attacks present a greater threat to keyboards than … Read More “Using Machine Learning to Detect Keystrokes” »

Indirect Instruction Injection in Multi-Modal LLMs

Posted on By infossl
academic papers, artificial intelligence, LLM, machine learning, Security technology, Uncategorized

Interesting research: “(Ab)using Images and Sounds for Indirect Instruction Injection in Multi-Modal LLMs“: Abstract: We demonstrate how images and sounds can be used for indirect prompt and instruction injection in multi-modal LLMs. An attacker generates an adversarial perturbation corresponding to the prompt and blends it into an image or audio recording. When the user asks … Read More “Indirect Instruction Injection in Multi-Modal LLMs” »

Security Risks of AI

Posted on By infossl
artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, machine learning, reports, risks, Security technology, Uncategorized

Stanford and Georgetown have a new report on the security risks of AI—particularly adversarial machine learning—based on a workshop they held on the topic. Jim Dempsey, one of the workshop organizers, wrote a blog post on the report: As a first step, our report recommends the inclusion of AI security concerns within the cybersecurity programs … Read More “Security Risks of AI” »

Using LLMs to Create Bioweapons

Posted on By infossl
academic papers, artificial intelligence, biological warfare, machine learning, Security technology, Uncategorized

I’m not sure there are good ways to build guardrails to prevent this sort of thing: There is growing concern regarding the potential misuse of molecular machine learning models for harmful purposes. Specifically, the dual-use application of models for predicting cytotoxicity18 to create new poisons or employing AlphaFold2 to develop novel bioweapons has raised alarm. … Read More “Using LLMs to Create Bioweapons” »

LLMs and Phishing

Posted on By infossl
ChatGPT, essays, machine learning, phishing, scams, Security technology, Uncategorized

Here’s an experiment being run by undergraduate computer science students everywhere: Ask ChatGPT to generate phishing emails, and test whether these are better at persuading victims to respond or click on the link than the usual spam. It’s an interesting experiment, and the results are likely to vary wildly based on the details of the … Read More “LLMs and Phishing” »

Side-Channel Attack against CRYSTALS-Kyber

Posted on By infossl
academic papers, cryptography, encryption, machine learning, quantum computing, quantum cryptography, Security technology, side-channel attacks, Uncategorized

CRYSTALS-Kyber is one of the public-key algorithms currently recommended by NIST as part of its post-quantum cryptography standardization process. Researchers have just published a side-channel attack—using power consumption—against an implementation of the algorithm that was supposed to be resistant against that sort of attack. The algorithm is not “broken” or “cracked”—despite headlines to the contrary—this … Read More “Side-Channel Attack against CRYSTALS-Kyber” »

Putting Undetectable Backdoors in Machine Learning Models

Posted on By infossl
academic papers, backdoors, machine learning, Security technology, Uncategorized

This is really interesting research from a few months ago: Abstract: Given the computational cost and technical expertise required to train machine learning models, users may delegate the task of learning to a service provider. Delegation of learning has clear benefits, and at the same time raises serious concerns of trust. This work studies possible … Read More “Putting Undetectable Backdoors in Machine Learning Models” »

Attacking Machine Learning Systems

Posted on By infossl
cryptography, cyberattack, cybersecurity, essays, machine learning, Security technology, Uncategorized, vulnerabilities

The field of machine learning (ML) security—and corresponding adversarial ML—is rapidly advancing as researchers develop sophisticated techniques to perturb, disrupt, or steal the ML model or data. It’s a heady time; because we know so little about the security of these systems, there are many opportunities for new researchers to publish in this field. In … Read More “Attacking Machine Learning Systems” »

Threats of Machine-Generated Text

Posted on By infossl
academic papers, ChatGPT, machine learning, privacy, Security technology, threat models, Uncategorized

With the release of ChatGPT, I’ve read many random articles about this or that threat from the technology. This paper is a good survey of the field: what the threats are, how we might detect machine-generated text, directions for future research. It’s a solid grounding amongst all of the hype. Machine Generated Text: A Comprehensive … Read More “Threats of Machine-Generated Text” »